Today's installment concludes Hildebrand's Papal Triumph,the name of our combined selection from Arthur Robert Pennington and Artaud De
Penance at Canossa
On the morrow, Matilda interceded with the Pope on behalf of Henry, and the conditions of the treaty were settled.Continuing Hildebrand's Papal
The Investiture Controversy
Gregory VII summoned a council at the Lateran (1075), which issued a decree against lay investitures.Continuing Hildebrand's Papal Triumph,with a
Hildebrand’s Papal Triumph
This series has four easy 5 minute installments. This first installment: Hildebrand Becomes Pope Gregory VII.IntroductionThe separation of
Early Years of Swiss Independence
Today's installment concludes Switzerland Independence Established,our selection from History of Switzerland for the Swiss People by Heinrich
Emperor Relinquishes Claims on Switzerland
Then the Emperor reflected that within eight months the Swiss had been eight times victorious in eight battles.Continuing Switzerland Independence
Switzerland Independence Established
This series has three easy 5 minute installments. This first installment: Hapsburg Determines to Conquer Switzerland Once and for
Siege of Metz
Today's installment concludes Collapse Of The Power Of Charles V,our selection from The Court of France in the Sixteenth Century: 1514-1559 by Lady
Charles V Flees
The night was stormy; rain was falling in torrents when the modern Charlemagne, unable to move, was borne in a litter by the light of torches across