Should the council pursue a goal of uniting with protestants or seeking a coherent body of doctrines and practices?Continuing The Council of Trent
Reform Goes Extreme
Of a sudden, as if in another gust of passion, he made a clean sweep of the obstacles which his own perversity had placed in his path, and then took
New Rulers in Charge
The pontificate of Paul IV (Gian Pietro Caraffa, May, 1555-August, 1559) forms one of the most remarkable chapters in the history of the
Pope Versus Holy Roman Emperor
For a time it seemed as if at Trent, too, the opposing interests would have proved irreconcilable.Continuing The Council of Trent and the
The Council of Trent and the Counter-Reformation
This series has seven easy five minute installments. This first installment: Council of Trent Commences.After the Catholics had lost much of
Murder and Flight
Today's installment concludes Pius IX Flees Rome,our selection from Pius the Ninth and the Revolution at Rome (in the North American Review, volume
Assassination Plot
Several of his friends came and remonstrated with him against such an exposure of his life.Continuing Pius IX Flees Rome,our selection from Pius
Turmoil in Rome
In the streets and open places of the city, for two days, the brigands had been slaughtering every man his enemy among the Government officers, some
Austrian Military Victory
Pope Pius IX sided with Italians in the war. That made Catholics in Austria and northern countries against him. Military defeat turned Italians