Such is a general outline of the Roman Constitution spontaneously granted to his subjects by Pius IX.Continuing Pius IX Flees Rome,our selection
Archives for 2013
Revolutions Abroad Incites Revolution in Rome
Before the benediction of God descends upon you, on the rest of my people, and, I say it again, on all Italy, I pray you to be of one mind, and to
More Papal Reforms Amid Incipient Revolution
These measures of reform, and the enthusiasm which they created, were not without effect on surrounding nations.Continuing Pius IX Flees Rome,our
Pius IX Flees Rome
This series has eleven easy 5 minute installments. This first installment: Pope Pius IX's Early Reforms.IntroductionIn the long roll of pontiffs
Chivalry’s Legacy
Today's installment concludes Chivalry,our selection from La Chevalerie by Léon Gautier published in 1884.If you have journeyed through all of
Subtracting Morality from Knighthood Ended Chivalry
The laxity of luxury had everywhere replaced the rigorous enactments of the old manliness, and even warriors themselves loved their ease too
Decline of Chivalry
The Romance of the Round Table, which in the opinion of prepossessed or thoughtless critics appears so profoundly chivalrous, may be considered one of
Chivalry and the Crusades
In legendary lore the embodiment of chivalry is Roland: in history it is Godfrey de Bouillon.Continuing Chivalry,our selection from La Chevalerie
Chivalry Enters Medieval Times
But, before familiarizing themselves with these ideals, the rough spirits of the ninth, tenth, and eleventh centuries had to learn the principles of